Germany and Poland, along with fellow NATO members Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Sweden, Norway, Finland, Iceland and Denmark, have ramped up their planning in recent years for a possible future armed conflict with Russia.
"Experience from Ukraine has shown that temporary movements of the population enable the continued defence of the country while protecting civilians," Sweden's ministry of defence said in a statement announcing the northern European agreement.
Millions of people have fled Ukraine in the four years since Russia's full-scale invasion in February 2022, most of them seeking refuge in other European nations while the conflict *at home continues.
Sweden said that in addition to transport and travel corridors, the planning for cross-border evacuations will include the reception and registration of people and the protection of vulnerable groups.
Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania last year made a similar agreement between themselves, drawing up contingency plans to deal with the possibility of hundreds of thousands of people fleeing a Russian troop buildup or attack.
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